Calcareous shale

Shale. Shale is the most abundant of all sedimentary rocks. It is composed primarily of soft clay minerals, but may include variable amounts of organic matter, calcareous material, and quartz grains. Shale may be any color, but is generally greenish gray to grayish black. It is relatively soft and has a smooth, greasy feel when freshly exposed ...

Afterwards, another rise in sea level began during the late Turonian and Coniacian which led to the deposition of calcareous shale and siltstone of the Niobrara Formation. Following another period of nondeposition and possible erosion, shale and interbedded sandstone and siltstone of the Pierre Shale was deposited during the Santonian. Figure 4.Mar 4, 2021 · How to Cite this Document. Central Appalachian Shale Barrens. This is a variable group of woodlands, shrublands, and open herbaceous rock outcrops occurring on Ridge and Valley shales and Blue Ridge metashales of the central Appalachian Mountains. These small-patch communities are endemic to western Virginia, eastern West Virginia, west-central ... Shale is a rock that has been formed from the compression of mud over time. Some black shale contains organic compounds that can be converted to oil or natural gas. Other colors of shale are crushed and mixed with water to create clay.4.4 F4: Calcareous shale. The development of calcareous shale facies (Fig. 3f) is well recorded in the middle part of the studied sections with a thickness variation from 5 to 30 m. The main lithology of this facies is yellow-to-dark yellowish-grey colored shale which is comparatively rich in carbonate contents compared to the rest of the muddy ...Laminated calcareous shale, vein-like fibrous calcite, and dolomitic shale intervals have a higher number of pores that are larger than 10 nm. The non-laminated and poorly laminated shale intervals are dominated by small-sized pores. The adsorption-desorption isotherms indicate that the pore morphology varied among different shale intervals ...Mar 3, 2022 · The Es3x shale is classified into six lithofacies types based on mineral compositions, TOC contents, and sedimentary structures, that is, organic-rich laminated clay-bearing aragonitic shale (LF1), organic-rich non-laminated clay-bearing calcareous shale (LF2), organic-fair non-laminated calcite-bearing argillaceous shale (LF3), organic-rich ... Calcareous shale and limestone lenses near the base (Tully). Mahantango Formation (Devonian) at surface, covers 0.9 % of this area (part of Millboro Shale) - thickly laminated marine shale, siltstone, very fine sandstone, and some limestone, with an occasional coral reef or biostrome. Contains the Clearville and Chaneysville Siltstone Members ...

Mar 22, 2015 ... Shale is a sedimentary rock composed of fine grained sediments mainly silt and clay particles ranges at size of 1/256 millimetre.The Waits River Formation probably formed in a moderately deep, marine environment as turbidite deposits or soft sediment slump deposits of calcareous shales, mudstones, and muddy sandstones. Fossils found in this formation indicate the rock is approximately 400-425 million years old, placing it in the Late Silurian-Early Devonian time period. 20.Nov 1, 2021 · Those three dimensions were used to categorize shale lithofacies into: (i) argillaceous shale (AR type, total clay contents >50%), (ii) siliceous shale (SI type, total quartz >50%), (iii) calcareous shale (CA type, total carbonates>50%) and (IV) mixed shale (e.g., argillaceous-siliceous, calcareous-siliceous), following the proposed ... and calcareous shales in southwestern Iran, as gypsiferous red beds in southern Iran and as sandstones, shales and coral limestones in southeastern Iran. Jurassic period is represented in general by bedded limestones, dolomites and massif limestones. There are Carboniferous shale, sandstone and conglomerate in-Shale. Type, Sedimentary Rock. Origin, Detrital/Clastic. Texture, Clastic; Very fine-grained (< 0.004 mm). Composition, Clay minerals, Quartz. Color, Brown.Mahantango Formation. The Devonian Mahantango Formation is a mapped bedrock unit in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Maryland. [1] [2] [3] It is named for the North branch of the Mahantango Creek in Perry and Juniata counties in Pennsylvania. It is a member of the Hamilton Group, along with the underlying the Marcellus Formation Shale. [4]XRD or whole rock chemistry data would be needed to make it workable. In fact, without advanced instrumentation, the most accessible properties of a shale are probably its color, its relative softness (lithification state), its reaction with hydrochloric acid (is it calcareous?) and textural features such as lamination, bioturbation, etc.

It consists mainly of dark gray marine shale with calcareous intercalations (Hewaidy and Soliman 1993). Kurkur Formation (Paleocene), which is exposed in the scarp face of the Sinn El Kaddab ...Argillaceous rocks break down into five groups. This includes argillite, claystone, shale, siltstone, and mudstone. If a rock contains mainly clay minerals, then more than likely, it’s an argillaceous rock. But, to know the full details of rocks, you will have to examine them under a microscope to tell the difference.Haynesville Shale stratigraphic column for Texas. The Haynesville Shale is an informal, popular name for a Jurassic Period rock formation that underlies large parts of southwestern Arkansas, northwest Louisiana, and East Texas. It lies at depths of 10,500 to 13,000 feet below the land’s surface. [1] [2] It is part of a large rock formation ...Sep 2, 2021 ... Calcareous shales are (C-1, C-2, and C-3) mainly composed of carbonate minerals which are dominated by dolomite, mainly developed in Ek21, ...It has provided a revised conceptual model that acknowledges the microstructural differences between calcareous mudstones and their argillaceous counterparts. The model has been implemented using mean-field homogenisation schemes, taking the Eagle Ford shale as example of an anisotropic calcareous mudstone.

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In the two coring cycles of continental shale of the artesian well group of Well XA, more calcareous shell laminates were also developed in clayey shale, clayey calcareous shale, and silty shale to varying degrees, and the number of shell limestone interlayers reached 19 layers/5 m in clayey shale . Shell interlayers played an important role in ...Calcareous sandstone 614 Dolomitic sandstone 616 Silt, siltstone, or shaly silt 617 Calcareous siltstone 618 Dolomitic siltstone 619 Sandy or silty shale 620 Clay or clay shale 621 Cherty shale 622 Dolomitic shale 623 Calcareous shale or marl 624 Carbonaceous shale 625 Oil shale 626 Chalk 627 Limestone 628 Clastic limestone 629 Fossiliferous ... Within the studied section, calcareous shales have higher Si/Al values compared with marls (Fig. 5), reflecting an increased detrital influx during the sedimentary period of calcareous shales. Importantly, enhanced detrital input could be associated with (Ⅰ) climate change; (Ⅱ) sea-level fall; or (III) a combination of both ( Reolid et al ...Although the potential of lake facies shale oil and gas resources is enormous, the lithology is complex, heterogeneous, and obviously controlled by a sedimentary environment. By integrating cores, thin sections, X-ray diffraction analysis, trace elements, organic geochemical indexes, and paleontological data, this work studies sedimentary environment elements and sedimentary model of shale in ...and calcareous shale Grayish, thin— bedded fine- grained limestone , shaly limestone and oyster shells calcareous shale , Dark to light brown, thick - bedded sandy limestone and calcareous siltstone Dark brown dolomitic sandstone with abundant chert Pale cream - colored to white washed dolomitic sandstone clean Red shale, gray to cream colored

Mudrock. Glacial Lake Missoula claystone. Red mudrock in the Ragged Reef Formation ( Pennsylvanian ), Cumberland Basin, Nova Scotia. Mudrocks are a class of fine-grained siliciclastic sedimentary rocks. The varying types of mudrocks include siltstone, claystone, mudstone, slate, and shale. Most of the particles of which the stone is composed ...The Eagle Ford Shale (also known as the Eagle Ford Formation) is a black calcareous shale with a high organic carbon content that underlies much of southeastern Texas. In some parts of the area underlain by the Eagle Ford Shale, heat and pressure have converted organic material within the shale into oil and natural gas. 5.1.5 Calcareous shale facies (N-3) The calcareous shale facies is reddish-brown in colour, almost 3 m in thickness, brittle and micaceous in nature. It is positioned in the lowermost part of the studied sections having well defined fissility plane (Fig. 5a). Microstylolitic cracks are found (Fig. 5b). This facies is dominated mostly of ...Calcareous shale is a favorable target for shale oil exploration, because shale oil moves more easily in calcareous shale than in clay-rich shale and the high …MIP analyses were performed on 16 cube-shaped shale samples at the China University of Petroleum (East China) using a mercury porosimeter in accordance with the GB/T 21650.1–2008 standard to measure the pore structure characteristics of shale samples. Before the MIP tests, 16 shale samples were cut into a cube shape (1 cm × 1 …Muddy calcareous sandst one alternating with thin shale >15 m Alternation of limeston e and shale 8.4 m Lower 12 m alternation of limesto ne and shale, upper 32 m sandstone andMar 11, 2010 · The lower unit consists of 13 feet of dark-gray, soft, papery shale that contains thin calcareous shale partings and some lenses of Inoceramus-prism limestone. A concretionary zone marks the top of this unit. The somewhat calcareous nature of this lower shale suggests that it is the northwesternmost lithologic equivalent of the Fairport Member. Conclusions. In this study, calcareous oil shale was investigated as a potential raw material for the production of low-carbon cement. It was demonstrated that oil shale can replace up to 76 % of raw materials used in clinker manufacturing. This amount of oil shale is sufficient to supply energy for the decarbonization of calcite and can be ...Dec 16, 2021 · The middle Posidonia Shale is dominated by black, calcareous, bituminous ‘oil’ shale intercalated with limestone layers. Beginning at the base of Member II, important shale units include the ... The Wufeng-Longmaxi Shale is the largest shale gas play in China and one of the largest shale gas plays in the world (Qiu and Zou, 2020; Qiu et al., 2020; Nie et al., 2021; Sun et al., 2021), with production reaching more than 20.0 ×109 m3 in 2020 (Zou and Qiu, 2021). OM types in this black shale succession and their control on organic pore

Regarding the plasticity characteristics, reference is made to Fig. 5, Fig. 6 that show that the elastic region of argillaceous shale is smaller than the calcareous and siliceous shales; this region is further reduced due to the porosity. An easy example based on shale well data is shown by Appendix B. Field data used represents the typical ...

Shale oil resource systems not only produce oil but can also accumulate and store oil.20 Therefore, the reservoir evaluation and description can be beneficial for recovering reserves and estimating effective progress for shale oil. The studies on the reservoir properties of the lacustrine calcareous shale in theThe shale samples are preliminarily divided into calcareous shale, siliceous shale, clay shale, and mixed shale. Among the four major types of lithofacies, the samples in the study area mainly developed calcareous shale facies, siliceous shale facies, and mixed shale facies, while clay shale facies were rarely developed ( Figure 8 ).Transition zone waters of group 4 are of Ca-HCO 3-SO 4 type and flow through the alluvial sediments and calcareous shales located inside the valley of Monterrey. The waters of group 5 are of Ca-SO 4 type and flow through conglomerates and alluvial sediments of the north and northwest of the MMA. Indeed, the ionic composition …Salah satu singkapan penghasil shale gas di San Donato, Milan, Italia (Maiullaro, 2011). Sanggupkah Indonesia mewujudkan impian “unconventional hydrocarbon is our future”*?. Oleh: Aulia Agus Patria Rabu, 20 Juni 2020 . Setelah kita membahas mengenai CBM pada kesempatan yang lalu, spektrum berikutnya adalah shale yang diketahui dapat menjadi …Black shale. A dark, thinly laminated carbonaceous shale, exceptionally rich in organic matter (5% or more carbon content) and sulfide (esp. iron sulfide, usually pyrite), and often containing unusual concentrations of certain trace elements (U, V, Cu, Ni). Alabama - Arizona - Illinois - Indiana - Kentucky - Massachusetts - Maryland - Maine ...Aug 2, 2020 ... Shale is classified based on its mineral content. There is siliceous shale (silica), calcareous shale (calcite or dolomite), limonitic or ...The main fossiliferous horizon is restricted to a calcareous shale bed at the lower Sinsk Formation of 0.5 m in thickness (Fig. 2). The shale is dark brown, thinly laminated with calcitic and clayey laminae. Only organisms with rigid enough covers (envelopes and cuticles) such as seaweeds, palaeoscolecidans, some cnidarians, arthropods and ...Abstract. Organic-matter-rich shales are the main target rocks for unconventional oil and gas exploration and development across the world. In China, shale-gas geological resources are estimated as approximately 110 × 10 12 m 3, with recoverable gas reserves of ca. 20 × 10 12 m 3. Recoverable shale-oil reserves are estimated as ca. 5 × 10 9 t.

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Moreover, shale rocks may contain calcareous, silicious or phosphatic remains of animal skeletons. How the mineral composition and petrography of shales are ...Aug 2, 2020 ... Shale is classified based on its mineral content. There is siliceous shale (silica), calcareous shale (calcite or dolomite), limonitic or ...and calcareous shale Grayish, thin— bedded fine- grained limestone , shaly limestone and oyster shells calcareous shale , Dark to light brown, thick - bedded sandy limestone and calcareous siltstone Dark brown dolomitic sandstone with abundant chert Pale cream - colored to white washed dolomitic sandstone clean Red shale, gray to cream coloredCalcareous shale lithofacies (CSL) are also categorized as organic-rich shale because TOC content in this lithofacies ranges from 1.26 to 8.35 % with an average of 2.53 % (Table 1). Primary sedimentary structures (laminations) are also observed in some sections while some sections lack laminations (10C D).Jan 31, 2019 ... Therefore, the native pore aspect ratio of sandstone is in general larger than that of shale. However, the variable range of the calcareous ...Shale is mostly made up of clay, so it can range in color from medium brown to white. Shale is often used to make ceramic tiles. Shale colors fall in the neutral color palette and can be paired with blues for a country look, soft pinks for ...Martinsburg Shale - Bluish-gray, calcareous clay shale, weathers yellowish-brown; with thin beds of nodular gray, fossiliferous limestone; thin layers of metabentonite near base. Thickness about 1,000 feet. Incluldes Reedsville Shale - Greenish-gray calcareous shale. Shale oil resource systems not only produce oil but can also accumulate and store oil.20 Therefore, the reservoir evaluation and description can be beneficial for recovering reserves and estimating effective progress for shale oil. The studies on the reservoir properties of the lacustrine calcareous shale in theMay 1, 2021 · Thus, the exploration and development of shale oil in lacustrine calcareous shale could focus on a maturity range of 1.2–1.29 %Re. Here, the favorable maturity range (1.2–1.29 %Re) for the exploration of shale oil in lacustrine calcareous shale as determined by the OSI did not correspond with the main peak oil window (1.0–1.29 %Re) (Fig ... ….

The four types of shale facies are clay shale facies (Type I), siliceous shale facies (Type II), calcareous shale facies (Type III), and mixed shale facies (Type IV) [35, 36] ( Figure 3). Clay ... They are composed of sedimentary clay minerals intermixed with a small amount of calcite. They are known as "calcareous shales." Don't allow an acid fizz to guide the identification process. In many cases it will instead add detail to your observation such as: "calcareous shale" or "sandstone with carbonate cement." This is valuable information.Strata assigned to the Fairport are about 22 ft thick and composed mainly of calcarenite-bearing, calcareous shale. Fossils in this member include ammonites and bivalves of early middle Turonian age. Overlying the Fairport is the Blue Hill Member, which is about 139 ft thick, and consists of glauconitic, shaley siltstone, and less silty shale.(Osv) Sevier Shale - Calcareous, bluish-gray shale, weathers yellowish-brown; with thin gray limestone layers; sandstone, siltstone, and locally conglomerate to the east. Thickness 2,000 to 7,000 feet; (Oo) - Ottosee Shale - Bluish-gray calcareous shale, weathers yellow; with reef lenses of coarsely crystalline reddish fossiliferous limestone ...There is siliceous shale (silica), calcareous shale (calcite or dolomite), limonitic or hematitic shale (iron minerals), carbonaceous or bituminous shale (carbon compounds), and phospatic shale (phosphate). The color of shale depends on its composition.Calcareous sandstone 614 Dolomitic sandstone 616 Silt, siltstone, or shaly silt 617 Calcareous siltstone 618 Dolomitic siltstone 619 Sandy or silty shale 620 Clay or clay shale 621 Cherty shale 622 Dolomitic shale 623 Calcareous shale or marl 624 Carbonaceous shale 625 Oil shale 626 Chalk 627 Limestone 628 Clastic limestone 629 Fossiliferous ...A total of four shale lithofacies are identified in the Luo-69 Well from top to bottom based on core observations in this area: organic-rich mixed shale (ORMS) (lack of bedding, lamination or structural features), organic-rich bedded mixed/calcareous shale (ORBMS–ORBCS), organic-rich laminated calcareous shale (ORLCS), and organic-fair ...... Shale gas » Aquifers and shales ... Elevation of the top of the Bowland and Craven Groups. Langerton, fisile mudstone and calcareous mudstone of Bowland Shale ... Calcareous shale, The main fossiliferous horizon is restricted to a calcareous shale bed at the lower Sinsk Formation of 0.5 m in thickness (Fig. 2). The shale is dark brown, thinly laminated with calcitic and clayey laminae. Only organisms with rigid enough covers (envelopes and cuticles) such as seaweeds, palaeoscolecidans, some cnidarians, arthropods and ..., Those three dimensions were used to categorize shale lithofacies into: (i) argillaceous shale (AR type, total clay contents >50%), (ii) siliceous shale (SI type, total quartz >50%), (iii) calcareous shale (CA type, total carbonates>50%) and (IV) mixed shale (e.g., argillaceous-siliceous, calcareous-siliceous), following the proposed ..., The Bakken shale consists of three parts: shale beds in the upper part and the lower part are high-quality source rocks with a strong capability of generating hydrocarbons; the middle part mainly comprises dolomitic siltstone and calcareous sandstone (Miller et al., 2008; Sonnenberg and Pramudito, 2009). This kind of reservoiring pattern ..., Argillaceous shale has a large amount of intraparticle pores with low average pore size and poor connectivity compared with calcareous shale. Limited organic matter pores are present in low matured lacustrine shales, whereas the porosity of some lacustrine shales may increase due to the occurrence of large number of organic pores leading to ..., Shales commonly come in many different shades of gray, black, green, and red. Gray and black shades primiarly reflect organic matter content (black = lots of organics, grey = low organic content). I'll cover red and green below. The close--up view shows silvery flecks of muscovite. Although these are sand-sized, the bulk of the rock is silt ..., Sequatchie Formation - Grayish-red, grayish-green, and yellowish-gray thin-bedded calcareous shale and calcareous mudstone containing interbedded fossiliferous limestone, and medium-gray to moderate-red partly sandy and glauconitic, medium to coarse-grained bioclastic limestone. In Jackson County, includes the Leipers Limestone and Inman Formation. , The Waits River Formation probably formed in a moderately deep, marine environment as turbidite deposits or soft sediment slump deposits of calcareous shales, mudstones, and muddy sandstones. Fossils found in this formation indicate the rock is approximately 400-425 million years old, placing it in the Late Silurian-Early Devonian time period. 20., Calcareous sandstone 614 Dolomitic sandstone 616 Silt, siltstone, or shaly silt 617 Calcareous siltstone 618 Dolomitic siltstone 619 Sandy or silty shale 620 Clay or clay shale 621 Cherty shale 622 Dolomitic shale 623 Calcareous shale or marl 624 Carbonaceous shale 625 Oil shale 626 Chalk 627 Limestone 628 Clastic limestone 629 Fossiliferous ..., Multistaged hydraulic fracturing of a horizontal well may significantly improve the permeability of the calcareous shale reservoir, but hard to improve the transport capacity of gas in nanopores, resulting in insufficient gas supply from the shale matrix to fractures and rapid production decline after the stimulation. Nevertheless, the seepage …, The shale samples are preliminarily divided into calcareous shale, siliceous shale, clay shale, and mixed shale. Among the four major types of lithofacies, the samples in the study area mainly developed calcareous shale facies, siliceous shale facies, and mixed shale facies, while clay shale facies were rarely developed ( Figure 8 )., X-ray micro-CT images of calcareous shale samples Hugo Saur Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour. View Project. X-ray micro-tomography datasets of mixed-wet carbonate reservoir rocks for in situ effective contact angle measurements Amer …, May 2, 2019 ... Characteristic bryophyte species on calcareous shale and mudstone cliffs can include the mosses Bryum pseudotriquetrum, Campylium ..., Geology.com describes how shale can have different colors, depending on what's in the original mix of sediments. Organic content of just a few percent produces a black shale; calcareous minerals turn shale gray or light gray; and iron oxide or iron hydroxide can cause reddish, yellow or brown colors., The Es3x shale is classified into six lithofacies types based on mineral compositions, TOC contents, and sedimentary structures, that is, organic-rich laminated …, Calcareous talus slope woodlands often occur at the base of calcareous cliffs. Cliff community ( guide ) Cliff communities have shallow soils and sparse vegetation, but they occur on vertical exposures of non-calcareous bedrock types, such as quartzite, sandstone, or schist. Shale cliff and talus community ( guide ), Jul 7, 2023 · The Ottosee shale of Ulrich is basal calcareous member of typical Sevier shale. In early reports and folios of southwestern Virginia the younger Martinsburg shale was erroneously mapped as Sevier shale. Named from exposures in Sevier Co., eastern TN. Extends into western NC, and southwestern VA. Age is Early Ordovician (Chazy). , Mar 21, 2022 · calcareous shale (LF5), and organic-poor laminated. quartz-bearing calcareous shale (LF6). (2) The common pore types of the Es3x shale are InterP. pores, IntraP pores, intercrystalline pores ... , and calcareous shale Grayish, thin— bedded fine- grained limestone , shaly limestone and oyster shells calcareous shale , Dark to light brown, thick - bedded sandy limestone and calcareous siltstone Dark brown dolomitic sandstone with abundant chert Pale cream - colored to white washed dolomitic sandstone clean Red shale, gray to cream colored, Nov 26, 2019 ... OER-M-3: organic extreme rich calcareous–siliceous mixed shales; OR-M-1: organic rich argillaceous–siliceous mixed shales; S-1: siliceous shale., Calcareous shale was deposited in deep lacustrine environment, and usually has the highest total organic carbon (TOC) content with type I kerogen. Mixed shale, which was deposited in the transitional zone, has moderate TOC values. Argillaceous shale and siliceous shale were deposited in shallow lacustrine environment or near shore, and …, Nov 1, 2021 · Those three dimensions were used to categorize shale lithofacies into: (i) argillaceous shale (AR type, total clay contents >50%), (ii) siliceous shale (SI type, total quartz >50%), (iii) calcareous shale (CA type, total carbonates>50%) and (IV) mixed shale (e.g., argillaceous-siliceous, calcareous-siliceous), following the proposed ... , Four organic rich shale samples from the Bakken Formation in the Williston Basin, North Dakota, USA, are selected that have different levels of thermal maturity for this study. ... Geomechanical characterisation of organic-rich calcareous shale using AFM and nanoindentation. Rock Mech. Rock Eng. (2020), pp. 1-18. View in Scopus Google Scholar ..., Ecological Systems: Appalachian Shale Barrens (CES202.598). Sites: Calcareous Shale Slope Woodlands occur on steep river bluffs where shale or fine-bedded siltstone is fragmented into a thick, unstable cover of flat rock fragments. The fine-bedded rock and steep slope are both necessary to create the distinctive site conditions. Examples occur ..., Siliceous Shale Siliceous Claystone Siliceous Mudstone Etc. Calcite or Dolomite: Limestone: chiefly calcite, massive Dolomite (Dolostone): chiefly dolomite, massive Chalk: chalky texture Tufa: very porous, friable Travertine: bonded, coherent, denser than tufa Caliche: lime-rich deposit formed near surface: Calcareous Shale: limy shale, etc., In most organic-rich shale reservoirs, dolomite is widely distributed and has different types and crystal sizes. However, the characteristics and formation mechanism of the dolomites in organic-rich shale are still poorly understood. Petrographic and geochemical analyses were performed to interpret the formation of dolomite in the lacustrine organic-rich shale of the Shahejie Formation ..., siliceous rock, any of a group of sedimentary rocks that consist largely or almost entirely of silicon dioxide (SiO 2), either as quartz or as amorphous silica and cristobalite; included are rocks that have formed as chemical precipitates and excluded are those of detrital or fragmental origin.. The most common siliceous rock is chert, which is a dense, …, Shale is mostly made up of clay, so it can range in color from medium brown to white. Shale is often used to make ceramic tiles. Shale colors fall in the neutral color palette and can be paired with blues for a country look, soft pinks for ..., Jul 7, 2023 · Very calcareous green shale, with numerous bands and nodules of limestone, 25 to 30 feet thick, forming top shaly member of Platteville stage. Overlies Platteville limestone (lower formation of Platteville stage) and underlies Galena limestone. Within city of Decorah [Winneshiek Co., IA] and vicinity is everywhere very calcareous. , Lower part is medium-dark-gray, thin-bedded, siliceous, fossiliferous calcareous shale. Contains thin beds and lenses of medium-gray, fine-grained, highly fossiliferous, argillaceous limestone containing nodules, lenses and, locally, irregular beds of dark-gray chert. Lower contact abrupt and placed at top of calcareous quartz sandstone., The Posidonia shale formation from the. Lower Saxony Basin is a fine-grained calcareous shale that contains high amounts of organic matter (Type II kerogen). In ..., 1050 m.; calcareous shales; 310 m. a coarse clastic member; 95 m. sandy shales; 80 m. altogether 1535 m. in thickness according to the measurement taken by TPAO. The Upper Cretaceous carbonate series overlies the Cambrian …, We present the first study of the mechanical responses of a calcareous shale over length scales of 10 nm to 100 \ (\upmu\) m, combining approaches involving …, If large dissolution pores develop, organic-rich calcareous shales might become the optimal shale oil reservoirs, referred to as self-generation and self-storage shale oil reservoirs. Therefore, siliceous-rich and organic-rich calcareous shales are considered favorable reservoirs for shale oil in the Dongying Sag, Bohai Bay Basin.